Grape polyphenols and exercise training have distinct molecular effects on cardiac hypertrophy in a model of obese insulin-resistant rats

Obesity and exercise lead to structural changes in heart such as cardiac hypertrophy. The underlying signaling pathways vary according the source of overload, be it physiological (exercise) or pathologic (obesity). pathway relies more on PI3K-Akt while involves calcineurin-Nuclear factor activated T-cells activation fibrosis accumulation. Independently, polyphenols have demonstrated prevent Therefore, we investigated molecular adaptations combination training grape supplementation (EXOPP) obese high-fat fed rats adaptation comparison (EXO), (PP) (HF), alone. Exercised PP presented a higher weight/body weight ratio compared HF rats. EXO EXOPP depicted an increase cell-surface area, P-Akt/Akt, P-AMPK/AMPK ratios with decreased calcineurin expression, illustrating pathway, but no additional benefit combination. In contrast, neither area nor Akt increased rats; markedly fibrosis, systolic blood pressure, SERCA P-Phospholamdan/Phospholamdan levels were observed. These data suggest that shift from toward Our study demonstrates has physical-activity-status-specific effects; appears protective sedentary insulin-resistant than exercised ones. Exercise improved metabolic alterations without synergistic effect supplementation. highlight greater for treatment